Name of questionnaire | Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire ( CSHQ) |
Type of questionnaire-description,age | Parent-reported screening survey designed to assess behaviorial and medically based sleep problems in school children, aged 4-10 years |
Number of items | 35 |
Number of domains & categories | 8 |
Name of categories/domains | Bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duartion, sleep anxiety, night wakings, parasomnias, sleep disordered breathing, daytime sleepiness |
Scaling of items | 1-3 point scale |
Scoring available: with permission or free | Information not available; form available at: depts.washington.edu/dbpeds/Screening%20Tools/ScreeningTools.html |
Scoring test-retest reliability | Yes, .62 –.79 |
Scoring Internal consistency | For entire CSHQ, Chronbach’s alpha = 0.68 to 0.78 |
Validity | Content validity; ROC=.41, distinguishes between clinical and control groups; sensitivity=.80,specificity=.72 |
Available forms (short and/or long etc.) | SF-CSHQ (23 items; validated in 24-66 month olds, in addition to 4-10 year olds; threshold score of 30 had correlations of 0.90-0.94 with the original cut-off) |
Language | English |
Translations in other languages (if yes, then list the languages) | Chinese, Dutch, Hebrew, Portuguese, Spanish |
Developer name | Judith Owens |
Developer contact information |
Judith A. Owens, MD, MPH. Director, Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Boston Children’s Hospital, Dept. of Neurology, 9 Hope Ave., Waltham, MD, 02453, Tel: 781.216.2596. Fax: 781.216.2517. E-mail: judith.owens@childrens.harvard.edu |
Availability of questionnaire: needs permission from developer, cost or freely available | Information not available, contact author |
Limitations | Parent-reported, based on recall over a short time period of one week; may be less relevant in older children |
Link to the questionnaire (if available) | Not available |
Other comments | Useful as a screening tool only, not diagnostic. |
Patient populations in who questionnaire has been validated | Also tested in a younger age group 24-66 months old; higher scores in children with ADHD, pervasive developmental disorders, and juvenile arthritis |
References (including original publication, validity and reliability in different countries/languages, populations and long/short versions) | 1. Owens JA, Spirito A, McGuinn M. The children’s sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ): psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep 2000, Dec 15;23(8):1043-51 2. Honomichl RD, Goodlin-Jones BL, Burnham M, Gaylor E, Anders TF. Sleep patterns of children with pervasive developmental disorders. J Aut Dev Disord 2002, Dec;32(6):553-61 3. Owens JA, Maxim R, Nobile C, McGuinn M, Msall M. Parental and self-report of sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000 Jun;154(6):549-55 4. Duraccio KM, Carbine KA, Barnett KA, Stevens KS, Jensen CD. The utility of the children’s sleep habits questionnaire: associations between parental report and an objective measure of sleep behavior. Childr Health Care 2018;27(2):119-35 5. Markovich AN, Gendron MA, Corkum PV. Validating the children’s sleep habits questionnaire against polysomnography and actigraphy in school-aged children. Frontiers Psychiatry 2015, Jan;5(Article188):1-10 doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00188 6. Goodlin-Jones BL, Sitnick SL, Tang K, Liu J, Anders T. The children’s sleep habits questionnaire in toddlers and preschool children. J Devel Behav Peditr 2008 Apr;29(2):82-8 7. Ladesma DL. A Spanish version of the children’s sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ). Electronic Theses, Projects and Dissertations 2014 Jun;89. 8. Alfonso MA, Martinez MMB, Chacon LMM, Naranjo JEG. Validation to Spanish version of the children’s sleep habits questionnaire. Revista Cub Pediatr 2019;91(2):e518 9. Loureiro HC, Pinto TR, Pinto JC, Pinto HR, Paiva T. Validation of the children’s sleep habits questionnaire and the sleep self-report for Portuguese children. Sleep Sci 2013;6(4):151-58 10. Bonuck KA, Goodlin-Jones BL, Schechter C, Owens J. Modified children’s sleep habits questionnaire for behavioral sleep problems: a validation study. Sleep Health J 2017 Jun;3(3):136-41 |
Updated by | Mickey C Harrison, DDS |
The last date of update | November 2020 |